Meaning of the relation "commissioned by"

What is the exact meaning of the relation “commissioned by” .
There are at least two possible meanings:

  1. To allow/authorize somebody to do something
  2. To place an order to do something

The reason for this question is the book https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Douglas_Adams's_Starship_Titanic:_A_Novel

where Douglas Adams, who appears as the writer on my edition, asked Terry Jones to write the story.

Or do we just use it for both meanings?

1 Like

In music it’s an organization ordered a work to composer. Possibly be the same for book?

1 Like

Thx, I think that’s where the relation was taken from. So it will have the same meaning.

Organization ordered and too financial the work.